2. dominant trait: cleft chin (c) mother’s gametes: cc
recessive trait: lacks cleft chin (c) father’s gametes: cc
offspring genotypes:
offspring phenotypes:
% chance child will have cleft chin:

3. dominant trait: flat feet (a) mother’s gametes: heterozygous
recessive trait: arched feet (a) father’s gametes: heterozygous

% chance child will have arched feet:

4. dominant trait: brown hair (b) mother’s gametes: homozygous recessive
recessive trait: blonde hair (b) father’s gametes: heterozygous
% chance child will have blonde hair:

5. dominant trait: farsightedness (f) mother’s gametes: heterozygous
recessive trait: normal vision (f) father’s gametes: heterozygous
% chance child will have normal vision:

Answer No 2:

      c      c

C   Cc     Cc

c    cc      cc

The genotype of the offsprings would be Cc, Cc, cc, cc i.e heterozygous cleft chin and no cleft chin. The phenotype of the offsprings could be 50% cleft chin and 50% without cleft chin.

there will be 50% chance of the child to have cleft chin.

Answer No 3:

        A        a

A     Aa       Aa

a      Aa        aa

There will be 25% chance for the offspring to have arched feet. As arched feet is a recessive trait, so for this trait to occur both the alleles of the gene should be recessive i.e aa.

Answer No 4:

    B      b

b   Bb    bb

b    Bb    bb

As blonde is a recessive trait, so both the alleles for this gene should be recessive for this trait to occur. Hence, according to the punnet square, there will be 50% chance for the offspring to be blonde.

Answer No 5:

           F      f

F          FF    Ff

f           Ff     ff

As normal vision is a resessive trait, hence both the alleles of the gene should be recessive for the trait to occur. According to the punnet square, there is 25% chance that the child will have normal vision.

from the original order (top to bottom) the new order will go

1 (founder)

4 (hawk)

2 (mutate)

3 (next generation)

oceans

indian ocean

pacific ocean

atlantic ocean

arctic ocean

southern ocean