Although compartmentalization allows cells to perform a variety of functions, there can be energetic costs to compartmentalization. in particular, cells expend energy to move certain molecules across membranes. in the mitochondria, the transmembrane gradient established by the electron transport chain plays an important role in the movement of molecules across the mitochondrial inner membrane. which of the following processes involve directly expending this gradient to move molecules into the matrix? (select two answers)

import of proteins into the mitochondrial matrix coupled to atp hydrolysis antiport of malate into the matrix and a -ketoglutarate out of the antiport of glutamate into the matrix and aspartate out of the matrix symport of inorganic phosphate and hydrogen ions into the matrix symport of pyruvate and hydrogen ions into the matrix

regents of the university of california v. bakke, 438 u.s. 265 (1978), was a landmark decision by the supreme court of the united states. it upheld affirmative action, allowing race to be one of several factors in college admission policy.

the answer u all are looking for is 4000000000000000000000 million years.

oxygen is the first element in group 16 (via) of the periodic table. the periodic table is a chart that shows how chemical elements are related to each other. the elements in group 16 are said to belong to the chalcogen family. other elements in this group include  sulfur, selenium, tellurium,  and  polonium.  the name chalcogen comes from the greek word  chalkos,  meaning "ore." the first two members of the family, oxygen and sulfur, are found in most ores.

oxygen is by far the most abundant element in the earth's crust. nearly half of all the atoms in the earth are oxygen atoms. oxygen also makes up about one-fifth of the earth's atmosphere. nearly 90 percent of the weight of the oceans is due to oxygen. in addition, oxygen is thought to be the third most abundant element in the universe and in the solar system.