Explain how prokaryotes can reproduce sexually and asexually.  in this discussion be sure to explain how the genetic material from one bacterial cell enters another via transformation, transduction, and conjugation?

During the asexual reproduction, bacteria can divide simply by binary fission in which one bacteria first replicate its genetic material and the cell divide in two daughter cells which are identical to the parent cell.

Asexual reproduction does not allow genetic variation therefore to get genetic variation bacteria can use conjugation, transformation and transduction process.

In conjugation, bacteria gets extra genetic material from other bacteria through sex pills. In transduction the genetic material enters into the bacterial cell through the virus then bacteria incorporate this genetic material in its genome.

In transformation, bacteria takes up the extra genetic material from it's surrounding. Therefore conjugation, transduction, and transformation helps bacterial to gain variation like as in sexual reproduction.

layer 3 is younger than layer 6.

it provides an alternative energy pathway for the reaction to proceed.

a catalyst is a substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction but is not consumed during the course of the reaction.

catalysts increase the rate of reaction without being used up. they do this by lowering the activation energy needed. with a catalyst, more collisions result in a reaction, so the rate of reaction increases. different reactions need different catalysts.

a catalyst works by providing an alternative reaction pathway to the reaction product. the rate of the reaction is increased as this alternative route has a lower activation energy than the reaction route not mediated by the catalyst.