Nasa has published a list of criteria for identifying fossil bacteria in samples from mars, as part of a search for evidence of life. which of the following is good evidence for the presence of bacterial cells?
a. cell size of 0.5 to 2 microns
b. three dimensional organization of cells in a starburst pattern
c. absence of carbon in the material
d. no evidence of water in the surrounding mineral

Monarch butterflies have brightly colored orange wings with black patterns on them, making them easily visible to birds that eat butterflies and moths, yet birds rarely eat the monarchs. likewise, the monarch caterpillars are brightly striped yellow and white and black, and they also are rarely eaten by birds, although some wasps will attack them and feed them to their young. what can be inferred from these observations? monarchs must threaten and attack birds, but not wasps. monarchs have a way of discouraging bird predation that does not involve hiding. monarchs’ wings are so colorful that most birds must find them difficult to eat. monarchs lay more eggs than other less conspicuous butterflies.