Select all that apply smaller groupings within a species are called varieties/ races / breeds/ mongrels

The correct answers would be varieties, races, and breeds.

In binomial nomenclature, variety refers to the taxonomic rank present below the species and subspecies. It is mainly used in the nomenclature of plants.

In a taxonomic hierarchy, race refers to the informal rank below subspecies. The race includes a genetically distinct group of organisms within the same species.

Breeds refer to the different varieties of same species. These organisms similar to appearance, behavior, and other characteristics. It is mainly used for domesticated animals. For example, Rottweiler and German Shepherd are two different breeds of dog.

igneous rocks which formed by the crystallization of magma at the surface of the earth called extrusive rocks. they are characterized by fine-grained textures because the rapid cooling at or near the surface did not provide enough time for large crystals to grow.