Which of the following is not a direct fate of the energy flowing through photosynthesis? a. carnivores b. cellular respiration c. herbivores d. heat sinks

The wings of insects, birds, and bats evolved independently but carry out similar functions. this is an example of a. analogous structures. b. embryonic structures. c. vestigial structures. d. homologous structures.

Why is it incorrect to say that mitochondria function only as energy factories with cell

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i.e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).