All of the following are true of recessive alleles, except

a. they are never transcribed and therefore never produce protein.
b. they are designated by lowercase letters.
c. the phenotype encoded by the recessive allele will only be noticeable when in the homozygous state.
d. a person heterozygous for a recessively inherited disease has one normal allele and one disease allele and is called a "carrier."

Which of the following best describes the expensive tissue hypothesis? brains require more energy, so the gut had to be reduced, and larger brains and tool use led to higher quality diets. increasing body size means that homo neanderthalensis had to include more fat in its diet. brains require more energy, so the gut had to be reduced as brains got bigger. brains require more fat, so the gastrointestinal viscera (gut) had to expand, and hands were needed to acquire more food.