Apair-rule gene in drosophila called runt controls nervous system formation. in the mouse, runt controls blood cell formation and genital structures. in humans, the analog of runt, when mutated, causes children to lack collar bones, and the opening at the top of the skull fails to close. what kind of experiment could tell you whether these genes are conserved in function?

From our previous experiment, we examined how many drops a penny can hold - and place drops of salt water on the penny after recording 5 trials each, take the average of each solution.

Proteins are the workhorses of the cell, controlling virtually every reaction within as well as providing structure and serving as signals to other cells. proteins are long chains of  amino acids  , and the exact sequence of the amino acids determines the final structure and function of the protein. instructions for that sequence are encoded in  genes  . to make a particular protein, a messenger ribonucleic acid (mrna) copy is made from the gene (in the process called  transcription  ), and the mrna is transported to the  ribosome  . protein synthesis, also called  translation  , begins when the two ribosomal subunits link onto the mrna. this step, called initiation, is followed by elongation, in which successive amino acids are added to the growing chain, brought in by transfer rnas (trnas). in this step, the ribosome reads the  nucleotides  of mrna three by three, in units called  codons  , and matches each to three nucleotides on the trna, called the anticodon. finally, during termination, the ribosome unbinds from the mrna, and the  amino acid  chain goes on to be processed and folded to make the final, functional protein