Which term best describes the establishment of a new
community of organisms after a volcano?

Pioneer species is the general name for the first organisms to move into a disturbed environment or to grow after a volcanic eruption covers an area with lava.

Hope it helps!

for 8 am not sure maybe yes?

for 9 if it is asking if the male is more or less it would be less

hope i even just a little : )

the answer is: reproductively

i think i spelled it wrong lol

anyways hope i

-lavira: )