Which type of cells will have modifications that increase the surface-area-to-volume ratio?

Groups of  cells that specialized  in absorption  e.g epithelium cells of the small intestine, the proximal convoluted tubules

Explanation:

 Surface  area to volume ratio  depends on the  size of organism. Generally, the lower the  mass of the organism,(e. g rats) the higher the surface area to volume ratio available  for  the organism . Conversely, the larger the mass of the Organism( E.g Man) the lower the surface area to volume ratio.

Therefore, Organisms with lower surface area to volume ratio must have  cells  with modifications to increase the rate of absorption of fluids.

Generally. as cells increases in age and get bigger, they produce essential products; e,g  more protein which leads to increase in size. The increase in size increases the speed of chemical reaction in the cells because of increase in complexity.  However as the size increases the volume get bigger, but the surface area does not increase proportionally, and the need for required metabolites increases to meet up with the cell complexity. Therefore special modifications are needed to meet up with the high demand for absorption of the required metabolites.

Facilitated diffusion,  ion channels, active transports, thing membrane surfaces  are few of these  modifications