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answer 12

The 2 ways abiotic factors affect biotic factors are as follows:

Explanation:

Abiotic Factors:

All non-living factors that is present or influences an ecosystem. Abiotic factors determine the dynamics of an ecosystem such as the terrain, the atmosphere as well as the inhabitant flora and fauna. Water, sunlight, oxygen, temperature, and soil are all abiotic factors.

Biotic Factors:

All living factors in an ecosystem i.e. the plants and animals.

Lets analyze all the options:

i believe the answer is a or 1