Which label belongs in the area marked x

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i.e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).

Anurse is preparing to administer ampicillin 500 mg in 50 ml of dextrose 5% in water (d5w) to infuse over 15 min. the drop factor of the manual iv tubing is 10 gtt/ml. the nurse should set the manual iv infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (round the answer to the nearest whole number. use a leading zero if it applies. do not use a trailing zero.)

Which factor that affects biodiversity?