Which of the following most accurately describes the term epidemiology?

a. a test made to examine the validity of an educated guess
b. an educated guess by a scientist to explain a phenomenon
c. a study of how disease rates vary among different population groups
d. an explanation for a phenomenon that has numerous lines of evidence to support it

c) A study of how disease rates vary among different population groups

Explanation:

Epidemiology is the systematic and scientific study of the distribution of the health-related issue in a specified population.

The Epidemiologists studies the disease and its cause in a population by the collection of the data which gives an insight in the distribution of the health issues in the population living from a small area like school to a country.

The epidemiological studies help the society by reducing the risk of the negative health outcomes, in spreading awareness about the health issues and in framing the health policies.

Thus, Option-C is the correct answer.

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