The success of plants extending their range northward following glacial retreat is best determined by

The complete question is :

The success of plants extending their range northward following glacial retreat is best determined by .

A) whether there is simultaneous migration of herbivores

B) their tolerance to shade

C) their seed dispersal rate

D) their size

The seed dispersal rate

Explanation:

The  seed dispersal can be defined as the movement of the seeds away from the parent plant. The ability of the plant to extend is completely dependent on the ability of the plant to disperse its seeds.

Plants have very limited ability, they need vectors to carry its seed from one place to another.

The biotic and abiotic vector both are involved in carrying the seeds which helps in expansion of the trees.

hence, the correct answer is option C

it has to be understood that the sea water contains a huge amount of sodium and chlorine ions and if they enter the cell of the atlantic cod fish, the cell will shrivel and the fish will die. to avoid such a condition, the fish uses active transport for the purpose of removing the ions against the gradient.

explanation:

the atlantic cod is not a maritime osmoconformer. its native application of salts is less than that of the seawater it lives in. it is continually falling water from the gills to the ocean via osmosis.

countering that, the fish is going to be swallowing seawater. but since its internal collection of salts is lower than seawater, the fish will want to go free of excess salt, and since that's going upon a gradient, then active transport, requiring energy, must be used to pump out the salt. much marine fish use the organs to filter out the salt and these fish discharge very straight urine.

emerging idea only occurs as a raw idea that could appear out of nowhere. meanwhile, to reach scientific consensus , that idea must be structured and tested over and over again through various experiments. the scientific consensus transforms the raw idea into idea that is more reliable through the process of scientific elimination.