Explain why sister chromatid cohesion is important, and discuss the role of the proteins cohesin and separase in sister chromatid separation.

Sister chromatid Cohesion is essential for the bi orientation of chromosomes on the mitotic or meiotic spindle, and is thus an essential condition for chromosome segregation.

Explanation:

Sister chromatid Cohesion:- it is the process  by which sister chromatids are combined and held together during specific periods of the cell cycle.

Why Sister chromatid Cohesion is important?

This is essential for the bi orientation of chromosomes on the mitotic or meiotic spindle, and is thus an essential condition for chromosome segregation.

Protein Cohesion:- The proteins that bind the two sister chromatids, denying any premature sister chromatid partition, are a piece of the cohesion protein family. They regulates the separation of sister chromatids during cell division, either mitosis or meiosis. It hold sister chromatids together after DNA replication until anaphase stage is complete

Separase:- Separase is a protease enzyme which can  cleave the Ssc1 subunit of the cohesin ring complex releasing the tension or strechness in the spindle and allowing segregation of sister chromatids.

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