What understanding of gene expression supports medical advice given to women to avoid consumption of alcohol during pregnancy

The understanding that alcohol is a potent teratogenic agent -capable of affecting the genetic expression of a developing embryo and fetus- is sufficient to support medical advice given to women to avoid consumption of alcohol during pregnancy.

Explanation:

A teratogen is a substance capable of affecting genetic expression - causing alteration and lack of regulation of the genes responsible for the form and function of a living being - and organ formation.

Alcohol is a powerful teratogen, responsible for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, which includes disorder in the proper expression of genes and abnormal development of organs such as the heart, brain and limbs.

When a doctor suggests that a woman does not consume alcohol during pregnancy, he does so to prevent alterations that this product may cause in a fetus or embryo, as well as the death before birth.

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when you breathe in, or inhale, your diaphragm contracts (tightens) and moves downward. this increases the space in your chest cavity, into which your lungs expand. the intercostal muscles between your ribs also enlarge the chest cavity. they contract to pull your rib cage both upward and outward when you inhale.

idk what the options are but

these is a strong electrostatic attraction between the ions hence a lot of energy is needed to overcome this attraction

this is why the boiling points are so high