Diffusion of water across a membrane from areas of higher concentration to areas of low concentration is called

Osmosis

There are many excellent videos explaining this process, but basically, osmosis is diffusion when its happening with water.

answer: land bridge theory. land bridge theory held that shifting portions of dry land explained the finding of identical species on different continents. plate tectonic theory eventually eliminated the land bridge theory.

it's c. (to reduce the greenhouse effect/carbon gasses)