Plants and animals die without air. Why? Which gases do plants and animals inhale and exhale? What are the role of these gases in plants and animals? (Note: Air is composed of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.9% argon, 0.03% carbon dioxide, and other minor gases).

Plants and animals both are living organisms that are directly dependent on the air. The air is comprised of various gases with definite proportions such as  78% of nitrogen, 21% of O₂, 0.9% of argon, 0.03% of CO₂, and other minor gases.

Oxygen (O₂) is the main gas that is essential for life to exist. Without this gas, no organisms can survive.

The organisms inhale oxygen (O₂) gas and exhale carbon dioxide (CO₂) gas.

These gases play an important role in the lives of plants and animals as it helps in carrying out the process of respiration. This process is essential in order to generate energy in the body of the organisms where the food particles (commonly known as sugar) are disintegrated by the cells. This is how an organism respire by inhaling O₂ gas and exhaling CO₂ gas.

the father in the first generation probably had the recessive colorblind trait in his x chromosome. if he and his wife both had the colorblind trait, even if she had 1 recessive and 1 dominant, then that trait would be passed on to their kids.

(since you didn't attach the family tree this is just an assumption)

the answer is; comparing the frequency of collisions with and without the device

this makes the anti-collision system an independent variable and the collisions a dependent variable. if there are fewer collisions with an anti-collision system that without, then it can be stated that the system is a success. essentially, collisions under an anti-collision system are compared with the frequency of collisions by cars with the human drivers.