QUESTION 1

Does the following statement describe a function of DNA, a function of RNA, a function of both DNA and RNA, or a function of neither DNA nor RNA? It makes up a main part of the ribosome, where amino acids are attached to one another to make a protein.

DNA

RNA

both DNA and RNA

neither DNA nor RNA
2 points

QUESTION 2

Which of these are the correct base pairs in DNA?

adenine and uracil

cytosine and guanine

cytosine and adenine

thymine and guanine
2 points

QUESTION 3

For the following structural characteristic, decide if it is a characteristic of DNA, a characteristic of RNA, a characteristic of both DNA and RNA, or a characteristic of neither DNA nor RNA. It contains uracil as a base.

DNA

RNA

both DNA and RNA

neither DNA nor RNA
2 points

QUESTION 4

The process of forming two DNA molecules from one is called .

replication

transcription

translation

expression
2 points

QUESTION 5

What is the first step in replication?

forming the replication fork

adding complementary base pairs

unwinding the double helix

correcting mutations
2 points

QUESTION 6

What enzyme is responsible for adding the complementary base pairs during replication?

DNA polymerase

RNA polymerase

DNA ligase

RNA ligase
2 points

QUESTION 7

Because a complementary base pair is added during replication, each new DNA molecule created in replication is .

identical

complementary

mutated

connected
2 points

QUESTION 8

Mutations are avoided during replication because DNA polymerase is able to .

repair itself

repair the DNA

encode a message

add more codes
2 points

QUESTION 9

What are mutations?

changes in nucleotides of a DNA molecule that affect the genetic message

repairs of damage to DNA molecules by specialized enzymes

removal of damaged DNA nucleotides by enzyme molecules

reduction in the rate of replication of DNA due to regulatory mechanisms
2 points

QUESTION 10

If there is no lactose present, how does bacteria respond?

The gene for beta-galactosidase turns on.

The gene for beta-galactosidase turns off.

Lactose is produced.

Beta-galactosidase production increases.
2 points

QUESTION 11

What gene is responsible for tumor suppression?

beta-galactoside

p53

alpha-globin

beta-globin
2 points

QUESTION 12

What is an intron?

a part of DNA that codes for a functional protein

a part of DNA that does not code for a functional protein

the beginning part of the DNA molecule

the end of part of the DNA molecule
2 points

QUESTION 13

What does RNA code for?

DNA

proteins

polypeptides

amino acids
2 points

QUESTION 14

What type of RNA brings amino acids to be attached in sequence according to the information carried in a different type of RNA?

transfer RNA

ribosomal RNA

messenger RNA

nuclear RNA
2 points

QUESTION 15

Which of the following correctly defines translation?

the making of a new DNA molecule by pairing of bases of DNA nucleotides with complementary bases in an existing DNA molecule

the making of an RNA molecule from a DNA strand by pairing of bases of RNA nucleotides with the complementary bases in DNA

the making of a polypeptide with a specified order of amino acids using an RNA molecule to provide the sequence information

the making of a polypeptide with a specified order of amino acids using a DNA molecule to provide the sequence information
2 points

QUESTION 16

A codon consists of how many bases?

1

2

3

4
2 points

QUESTION 17

Which structure of a protein is the second folding of the protein chain?

primary

secondary

tertiary

quaternary
2 points

QUESTION 18

Which of these proteins speed up a biological reaction?

enzymes

antibodies

hormones

inhibitors
2 points

QUESTION 19

When an enzyme lowers the activation energy of a reaction, what happens?

The reaction speeds up.

The reaction slows down.

The reaction remains constant.

The reaction does not occur.
2 points

QUESTION 20

In a biological reaction involving an enzyme, what does not directly participate in the reaction?

the active site of an enzyme

the active site of the substrate

the inactive site of the substrate

the reactant chemicals
2 points

QUESTION 21

What percent of all the genes in E. coli are active all the time?

10%

20%

60%

80%
2 points

QUESTION 22

If a bacterium did not regulate gene expression, what would occur?

wasted energy

conserved energy

created energy

removed energy
2 points

QUESTION 23

What are cells that express the same genes?

similar

different

mutated

not living
2 points

QUESTION 24

What is responsible for morphogenesis?

reproduction

replication

gene expression

apoptosis
2 points