Transdermal drug patches, such as nicotine patches, are applied to the skin. The drug is applied in a relatively high dosage to the inside of the patch, which is worn on the skin for periods of time. The drugs enter the bloodstream directly through the skin. Theoretically, how do the patches work?

Female luna moths (actias luna) attract males by emitting chemical signals that spread through the air. a male hundreds of meters away can detect these molecules and fly toward their source. the sensory organs responsible for this behavior are the comblike antennae visible in the photograph shown here. each filament of an antenna is equipped with thousands of receptor cells that detect the sex attractant. based on what you learned in this chapter, propose a hypothesis to account for the ability of the male moth to detect a specific molecule in the presence of many other molecules in the air. what predictions does your hypothesis make? design an experiment to test one of these predictions.