Punnett squares use mathematical probability to help predict the genotype and phenotype combinations in genetic crosses Select the steps
below that describe how to construct Punnett squares

A. All possible combinations of alleles in the gametes produced by one parent are written along the top edge of the square
B. All possible combinations of alleles of the other parent are written along the left edge of the square.
C. All possible genotype are written inside the boxes within the square, as they might appear in the offspring
D. All possible combinations of phenotypes are written at both edges of the square.

The branch of biology which deals with genes and inheritance is called genetics. In genetics, there are two types of alleles and these alleles are as follows:-

The punnet square is a method to represent the genotype of a cross to find out the possibility of the genes. All the gametes are written on the edge of a square and the result of the cross is written in the box of the square.

According to the question, the steps which are related to the punnet square are A, B, and C.

Option D is not related to the punnet square as the phenotype is not part of the punnet square.

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The first three steps are related to the construction of Punnett squares and the fourth step is not part of the square construction since information related to the phenotype It can be established as a conclusion or result of the genotypes obtained.

Explanation:

Punnett squares is designed to predict the mathematical probability of genotypes in the offspring, according to the genotype of the parental generation, and records only information related to this genotypes.

Taking as an example the crossing between a dominant homozygous (AA) individual for an character and a recessive one (aa), a Punnett square can be constructed:

     A. All possible combinations of alleles in the gametes produced by one parent are written along the top edge of the square :

♀️\♂       A          A  

    B. All possible combinations of alleles of the other parent are written along the left edge of the square.

♀️\♂       A          A  

a          

a

    C. All possible genotype are written inside the boxes within the square, as they might appear in the offspring

♀️\♂       A          A  

a           Aa        Aa        

a           Aa        Aa

The result of the crossing of an individual with AA genotype and another aa is a offspring of Aa hybrid individuals, according to the information obtained from the Punnett square.

Information related to the phenotype is not part of the Punnett square, but from the genotype a conclusion can be drawn and established, which can be written below, and not on the sides of the square. In this case, the phenotype would be 100% of individuals exhibiting the dominant character A.

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