Thermotoga maritima is a bacterium that can survive extremely high temperatures. Some of its genes most resemble those of archaea that live in similar extreme environments. This is most likely the result of endosymbiosis. lateral gene transfer. conjugation. convergent evolution. common ancestry.

Thermotoga maritima is a bacterium that have similar genes of most of the archaea that live in similar extreme environment is most likely the result of lateral gene transfer.

Explanation:

This bacteria contain certain genes that are extremely similar with the genes that are present in archaea. This is a example of lateral gene transfer where  acquisition of  genetic material takes place by another organism without being it's offspring.

Prokaryotes can exchange genes under highly selective condition through lateral gene transfer that enters in to the body of diverse bacteria where the genes involve in several functions like metabolic function, transport of energy transcription, gene regulation etc.

1) gene flow

- it is described as the transfer of genes from one population to another population so that frequency of gene is increased.

-a zebra migrates to join a different herd of zebras.

2) natural selection

- a mechanism of evolutionary change in which individuals with advantageous traits survive and reproduce whereas the others ( those that can not adapt) eliminate from the population.

-competition for sunlight leads to taller trees.

3) mutation

- permanent change in the nucleotide sequence of dna ( genetic material) that could have harmful or useful consequences.

-the dna of a snake changes to make its venom stronger.

4) genetic drift - it is a random phenomenon ( that occurs by chance such as fire) that results in change in the gene frequency in a small population.    

-a grassfire randomly sweeps through a population of buffalo and kills most of the animals.

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