Albino people cannot make normal skin pigment, melanin. As a result, they have pale skin, white hair and red eyes. The diagram shows the pattern of inheritance of albinism over three generations of the same family. a) What is an allele? mark) (b) What is the evidence from the diagram that albinism is caused by a recessive allele! (3 marks) Using the symbols. A for normal coloration, healthy allele and a for the albinism allele: (c) Give the genotypes of both individuals in generation 11. (1 mark) (d) If there was a seventh child born in generation 3, what is the probability that he/she was born with albinism? Use a genetic diagram to work out your answer. (3 marks)

Compare and contrast nutrient limitation in soil vs. nutrient limitation in aquatic ecosystems

Which of the following occurs most often in a population when genetic variation and overproduction are present? some organisms have a lower reproductive success than others. some organisms have a higher reproductive success than others. some organisms have no reproductive success. some organisms do not have genetic variation.

Humans are believed to have evolved in coastal regions in east africa. the region had an abundant supply of fish for early humanoids to eat. when scientists analyze the fads gene they see an interesting pattern. people whose families have lived in this area of east africa for generation show a high level of diversity in alleles for the fads gene. conversely, people whose families had migrated inland a moderate distance from sources of fish showed a much lower diversity for fads gene alleles. additionally, the fads alleles found in people whose family has lived inland for generation are almost all gene alleles which produce fads proteins with a high level of function and activity. how do anthropologists explain this?