A plant has cambium in its vascular tissue and pollen is produced in male cones. The plant disperses seeds but does not produce fruit. In which phylum does this plant belong?

Coniferophyta

Explanation:

Plants and trees belonging to coniferphyta are gymnosperms which are vascular plants with unprotected or naked seeds. These are called conifers because they bear male and female cones produced by the sporophytes on the same tree . The female conifers have many seeds on the cone scales.

These cones have spores which undergoes meiosis and produce male and female gametes respectively. Male gametes with pollen grains produces sperm cells and female gametes produce egg cells inside the ovules.

During the spring season with winds blowing, pollen released from the male cone disperses on the female cone present on the same tree.

Upon reaching the female cone, the sperms in the male gametes will fertilize the egg cells in the female and will fertilize to form zygote. This zygote will develop into an embryo in the ovules and later develop into seeds.

When these seeds fall on the ground, they get germinated into a new conifer. Thus dispersal of the seeds is taken care of by the seeds itself without the production of any fruit.

an individual’s sex (i.e., whether they are a male or female) is determined by the sex chromosomes. most people have two sex chromosomes, one that is inherited from their mother and one that is inherited from their father. typically, females have two x chromosomes (xx) and males have one x chromosome and one y chromosome (xy). conditions caused by changes (“mutations”) in genes located on the x chromosome are considered x-linked.

x-linked recessive inheritance

most x-linked conditions are recessive. this means that in a person with two x chromosomes (most females), both copies of a gene (i.e., one on each x chromosome) must have a change or mutation whereas in a person with one x chromosome (most males), only one copy of a gene must have a mutation. a female with a mutation in one copy of a gene on the x chromosome is said to be a “carrier” for an x-linked condition. a male with a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome is typically affected with the condition. because females have two copies of the x chromosome and males have only one x chromosome, x-linked recessive diseases are more common among males than females. however, x-linked recessive diseases can occur in both males and females.

for x-linked recessive disorders, an unaffected carrier mother who has a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome can transmit either the x chromosome with this mutation or a “normal” x chromosome to her children. if the father is unaffected, none of her daughters will be affected and all of her daughters will be unaffected—since they will inherit at least one normal x chromosome from their father. however, each daughter will have a 50% chance of being an unaffected carrier like her mother and a 50% chance of both x chromosomes being normal.