The study of comparative genomics has given researchers the ability to look at multiple genomes from different species, which has lead to new ideas about the evolutionary history of organisms. The conclusion is that

The study of changes of the species is called evolution.

The link between the species helps to check the ancestor of the species.

The following method is used to check the co-relation:-

The conclusion is that modern vertebrate species evolved from the same ancestors and a large portion of their genome is conserved.

Comparative genomics is the branch of genetics in which the genome of different organisms are analyzed on the basis of which evolutionary relationships are determined in them. The study of comparative genomics shows that the genome of modern vertebrates is much similar with only little differences between them.

This shows that all these modern vertebrates have a common ancestor in the past. The more the genome is similar, the more will be the common ancestors between vertebrates.

Hence, the relation is mentioned above in the solution.

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The conclusion is that modern vertebrate species evolved from the same ancestors and a large portion of their genome is conserved.

Explanation:

Comparative genomics is the branch of genetics in which the genome of different organisms are analyzed on the basis of which evolutionary relationships are determined in them.

The study of comparative genomics shows that the genome of modern vertebrates is much similar with only little differences between them. This shows that all these modern vertebrates has a common ancestor int he past. The more the genome is similar, the more will be the common ancestors between vertebrates.

answer; i believe that the correct answer is(d) nondisjunction during meiosis;

white blood cells or wbc s are mainly 2 types-

1.agranulocytes

2.granulocytes

the monocytes or macrophages of agranulocytes , dendritic cells which are accessory leucocytes, and b cells which is one type of lymphocytes   identify the antigens present on the pathogen's surface. these three cells are called antigen presenting cells(apc) which are phagocytes and destroy the antigens by secreting antitoxins. besides this leukocyte is always plays vital role in the immunity of the body.