Each of the following statements describes a type of column chromatography. Sort the statements to the type of chromatography they describe. If a statement can describe all of the types, place that statement in the "All" category. (Note that size-exclusion chromatography may also be called gel-filtration or molecular exclusion chromatography.)Categories: Size-exclusion Chromatography, Affinity Chromatography, Ion-exchange Chromatogrpahy, and AllStatements:Separate molecules by size. Separate molecules by charge. The stationary phase has a covalently bound group to which a protein in the mobile phase can bind. Uses a mobile phase and a stationary phase to separate proteins. The stationary phase contains cross-linked polymers with different pore sizes. Can separate molecules based on protein-lignand binding. The stationary phase may contain negatively or positively charged groups.

ALL: it can all be used in the Separation of molecules by size.

ION-EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY, AFFINITY CHROMATOGRAPHY: are the type if chromatography used to Separate molecules by charge.

ALL: each given separation technique as its stationary phase notably possessing a covalently bound group where a protein in its mobile phase can adhere to.

ALL: it all employs a mobile phase and a stationary phase to distinguish between proteins.  

SIZE-EXCLUSION CHROMATOGRAPHY: is stationary phase it's know to have cross-linked polymers which possess several pore sizes.

AFFINITY CHROMATOGRAPHY: this is used majorly to distinguish between molecules using their protein-ligand binding.  

ION-EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY, AFFINITY CHROMATOGRAPHY: both are known to have a stationary phase that make use of a negatively or positively charged groups.

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.