The high sugar concentration inside phloem causes water to move into it. This process, which requires no energy from the plant, is called .

The correct answer is osmosis

Explanation:

Osmosis is a process through which water moves from an area which is having a low concentration of solute to an area that is having a high solute concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.  

As the water or liquid moves down its concentration gradient so energy is not required in this movement. So the high sugar concentration in the phloem causes water to move inside it along the concentration gradient without energy is called osmosis. Osmosis is a form of diffusion.

ans.

dna fingerprinting is defined as a process that determines the dna characteristics of an individual. these dna characteristics are unique among individuals as their fingerprints, so it is known as dna fingerprinting.

steps of dna fingerprinting includes extraction of dna from sample, amplification of dna, restriction digestion of amplified dna, and then analysis of dna by gel electrophoresis, respectively.

thus, the next step performed by the scientist is 'to cut the amplified dna (obtained by polymerase chain reaction) by restriction enzymes that cleave the dna into fragments and their analysis.'