Fill in the blank.
1. DNA replication takes place during the
2. The enzyme RNA polymerase builds short RN
DNA polymerase can build the complementa
3. Because DNA synthesis proceeds in the 5' to
pieces called Okazaki fragments.

              DNA replication take place in S-phase. Enzyme RNA polymerase is  involve in making short segment of RNA from 5 prime end to 3 prime end complementary to DNA in short segments called Okazaki fragments.

Explanation:

                    During cell cycle the DNA replication take place in the synthesis phase of cell cycle called S-phase which is the phase of cell cycle before cell division. Enzyme involve in DNA replication is DNA polymerase that transcribe the DNA strand by adding nucleotide in complementary to the parental strand of DNA. The transcription of  both strands of DNA  take place in opposite direction. The DNA synthesis take place in opposite direction from 5 prime to 3 prime end. One strand is transcribed in continuous manner and the second strand is synthesis in the form of short fragments called Okazaki fragments. These fragments were first time discovered by Okazaki that's why called Okazaki fragments.

1. interphase

2. primers

3. lagging strand

4. DNA replication is the process of duplication of DNA, which accompanies cell division to ensure that each daughter cell produced has a copy of the cell's entire genetic content. Without DNA replication, some daughter cells would not contain DNA and would not be able to further divide.

5. In semiconservative replication, the parent strands are separated, and each parent strand serves as the template for a new strand of DNA. Therefore, in semiconservative replication, each DNA molecule has one parent strand and one newly synthesized strand. In conservative replication, the parent DNA synthesizes an entirely new double-stranded molecule; one of the resulting strands would be entirely parental DNA, and one of the resulting strands would be entirely newly synthesized DNA. In dispersive replication, the parental DNA and the newly synthesized DNA would be mixed together so that both of the resulting DNA molecules would contain fragments of both parental and newly synthesized DNA on both strands.

6. DNA polymerase, helicase, primase, topoisomerase, and ligase are five key enzymes involved in DNA replication. DNA replication begins when helicase unzips the double-stranded DNA molecule and creates a replication fork. Topoisomerase binds to the replication fork to stabilize the unwound, separated strands of DNA. Primase creates RNA primers so DNA polymerase can add nucleotides to the primer and then to the newly formed strand of DNA. This produces two double helices of DNA, each with one parent strand and one newly synthesized strand. After the RNA primers are removed, ligase binds together the nicks on the leading strand and between the Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand.

7. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not. Therefore, eukaryotic DNA replication occurs in the cell nucleus during a period of the cell cycle known as interphase, which occurs before mitosis. Prokaryotic DNA replication occurs in the cytoplasm. Just as in eukaryotic cell division, the prokaryotic cell duplicates its genetic content, and then the cell splits in half to create two exact copies of the original cell. The process of prokaryotic cell division is referred to as binary fission.

Explanation:

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