Drinking alcohol during pregnancy negatively impacts development of the fetus because: the mother’s body is unable to process alcohol. alcohol crosses the barrier that the placenta creates. the mother can no longer produce primary oocytes. alcohol causes the mother to have facial distortions.

The correct answer is that alcohol crosses the barrier that the placenta creates.

The placenta is vital for the maintainence of pregnancy and for the good health of the baby. Placenta acts as the physical barrier between the mother and fetus but when it comes to alcohol consumption, the alcohol crosses the barrier and enters into the fetus. The concentration of alcohol in fetus is same as that of the mother. This can result in several problems associated with the delivery and health of the fetus.

both anaerobic and aerobic respiration use glucose (or other carbohydrates), proteins and lipids to produce atp and nadh. cell uses those energy molecules, obtained from food and   breaks them down during the chemical reactions of respiration. in anaerobic respiration, nadh is regenerated to nad+ by enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (lactate is produced, e.g. in muscle cells) or by alcohol dehydrogenase where ethanol is produced (alcohol fermentation), while in aerobic respiration, electrons from nadh are deposited in the mitochondria to regenerate nad+ (electron transport chain. anaerobic respiration produces 2 atp per molecule of glucose compared to aerobic respiration where about 38 atp molecules are produced.

energy and particles