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Explanation:

3

Weed Reproduction

 Weeds most often reproduce by seed.

 Some weeds reproduce through vegetative means.

 new individuals formed from multicellular structures of a single

plant.

 vegetative reproduction is a trait that is shared by 60% of the

world’s worst weeds.

 reproduction by vegetative methods makes weed control

extremely difficult.

4

Weed Reproduction

 An understanding of a weed’s breeding system, methods of

propagule dispersal, and life form is important.

 These attributes can be used to predict population spread and

longevity.

 They can also be used to predict genetic diversity within and

among populations.

 The more genetically diverse a population:

 the more it is buffered from management strategies

 more likely that individuals are present that can adapt to the

strategy.

6

Outcrossing in Weeds

 The gametes that form the zygote are genetically dissimilar.

 Self-incompatibility may be involved.

 Outcrossing may occur between closely related individuals.

 Inbreeding depression

 Leads to more diversity within a population.

 Leads to less diversity among populations.

 Populations from different geographies are not very specialized.

 At low densities there may not be enough pollen to produce the full

potential of seed.

 If the species is an obligate outcrosser, at least two plants are

required to start a new population.

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Self-pollination in Weeds

 The gametes that form the zygote are genetically very similar.

 Leads to less diversity within a population.

 A population can be relatively homozygous.

 Leads to more diversity among populations

 Populations from different geographies can be very specialized.

 If the species can self pollinate, only one plant is required to start a

new population.

the answer is:

carbon dioxide