When do scientists use the tools: punnet squared and pedigrees

Use Punnett squares to predict the frequencies of genotypes in the offspring based on the genotypes of the parents.

Analyze pedigrees to deduce genotypes, phenotypes, and probabilities, and use the rules of probability as they relate to genetics problems

Explanation:

the abdomen (less formally called the belly, stomach, tummy or midriff) constitutes the part of the body between the thorax (chest) and pelvis, in humans and in other vertebrates. the region occupied by the abdomen is termed the abdominal cavity. the stomach secretes acid and enzymes that digest food. ridges of muscle tissue called rugae line the stomach. the stomach muscles contract periodically, churning food to enhance digestion. the pyloric sphincter is a muscular valve that opens to allow food to pass from the stomach to the small intestine.