Part 3: Post-Lab Questions 1. How similar are the observed phenotypes in each replicate? 2. How similar are they if you pool your data from each of the five replicates? 3. Is it closer or further from your prediction? 4. Did the results from the monohybrid or dihybrid cross most closely match your predicted ratio of phenotypes? 5. Based on these results, what would you expect if you were looking at a cross of 5, 10, or 20 independently sorted genes? 6. Why is it so expensive to produce a hybrid plant seed? 7. In certain bacteria, an oval shape (O) is dominant over round (o) and thick cell walls (T) are dominant over thin (t). Show a cross between a heterozygous oval, thick cell walled bacteria with a round, thin cell walled bacteria. What are the phenotypes of the F1 and F2 offspring?

you are certainly talking about this picture:

a: is the label of the white square, it is showing the  replication fork, formed by helicase (d) ==> so it is the site of dna separation and replication 

b: is a new dna brand that is following directly the replication fork, so it is continuous ==> built continuously from 5' to 3

c: dna polymerase cannot replicate dna on its own, it needs the of their proteins, and one of them plays the role of a clamp which fixes  the dna with the dna template and increases  the processivity of the enzyme. ==>   stops polymerase from falling off the  template.

d: is the enzyme responsible for forming the replication fork (helicase) ==> unwinds and separates dna into two strands

e: is the delayed strand, it is built  in the opposite sense of the helicase, so dna will be built in fragments ==> built  fragments from 5' to 3 joins

and finally f: is the enzyme that builds  the new dna strand (dna polymerase) ==>   adds nucleotides to make a new dna helix.

credit: gradman555p98x9p

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where in your body is there an enzyme that does function at a high or low ph? what is the name of that enzyme and its function?