As with many food safety issues, the use of pesticides is a controversial one. While there are potential dangers to pesticide use, there are many benefits as well. Which of the following are potential benefits of pesticide use?

A) Pesticides help prevent losses that would bankrupt many farmers.
B) Pesticides help ensure a cosmetically-attractive product that consumers have come to expect.
C) Pesticides sometimes create new pests because they destroy the predators that naturally keep plant-feeding insect populations in check.
D) Pesticide threat is acute, meaning that you can quickly gauge whether or not the pesticide is having a negative effect on a population.

You will create a molecular clock model for an arthropod gene. follow these guidelines to make your model: . your timeline will span from 90 million years ago to the present. the common ancestor in your model is an arthropod that lived 90 million years ago. the gene that you'll track codes for a protein in the species venom . the dna sequence youll track contains 10 nitrogen bases. you can choose the order of the bases and where the mutations occur. this gene mutates at a rate of approximately 0.76 base pairs every 17.1 million years. to build your model,/ calculate the estimated time period it takes for 1 base pair to mutate. the first time period will only show the common ancestor. at the beginning of the second time period, three lineages will diverge from the common ancestor, each with a different mutation in their gene sequences. the first and third descendant species will survive for the rest of the timeline. the second descendant species was extinct 50 million years ago. calculate how long it will take for one full base pair mutation to occur. explain your reasoning by constructing a mathematical equation