How do bacteria that do not take food get energy to survive?

it breaks down dead organisms into smaller molecules These bacteria use the organic substrates they break down to get their energy, carbon, and nutrients they need for survival.

Explanation:

kelp are large brown algae that live in cool, relatively shallow waters close to the shore. they grow in dense groupings much like a forest on land. these underwater towers of kelp provide food and shelter for thousands of fish, invertebrates, and marine mammal species.

e) all of the above

the fossil record provides evidence of a common ancestor to many species.