Although a match between the DNA in a sample and the genomic DNA of a particular individual for a single variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) is not sufficient to establish identity, a mismatch is definitive. The primary reason is that:

A. the sample might have been contaminated.
B. an individual could show an extra VNTR band merely by chance.
C. VNTRs have multiple alleles and many possible genotypes.
D. any band in the sample could have been degraded by nucleases.
E. the DNA in the sample must match its origin.

explanation:

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this protocol provides a detailed procedure for agarose-based ip to purify and enrich the protein of interest.

step 1: nitrogen fixation- conversion of atmospheric no₂ into forms useful to plants by lightning, bacteria, and cyanobacteria.

step 2: nitrification-process of converting ammonia to nitrite or nitrate.

step 3: assimilation-plant roots absorb new form of nitrogen.

step 4: ammonification-conversion of organic nitrogen to ammonia by bacteria involved in decomposition.

step 5: denitrification-bacteria turns the decomposed matter back into n₂o, which is released into atmosphere; repeat cycle.