What is a negative outcome of extinction? What is a positive outcome of extinction?

In the context of the neural impulse, which of the following is true about the depolarization of neuron membranes?

An easy way to calculate the amount of energy available at each level is to what?

What is one way intensive agriculture can contribute to climate change? a. tree loss to agriculture increases earth's albedo b. livestock manure absorbs greenhouse gases c. large herds of livestock release greenhouse gases d. fewer trees are available to replenish petroleum stores appex