The electrical impulse that stimulates neurotransmitter release, thereby transmitting information to other neurons, arise in the:
a. dendrites
b. axon hillock
c. axon
d. dendritic spine

b. axon hillock.

Explanation:

Neurotransmitter are the chemical substance which acts as a signal for neurotransmission. At a region called the axon hillock the axon emerges from the soma. At axon hillock, nerve impulses are produced by the plasma membrane; the axon pushes these impulses away from the soma, or dendrites towards other neurons.  

All the synaptic inputs are summed up at the axon hillock which further stimulates neurotransmitter release. Axon hillock is called as the trigger zone.

Hence, the correct option is b. axon hillock.

you did not attach the discourse, but i assume it to be the discourse on the origin and basis of inequality among men (the original titile in french is: "discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes"), also know as "second discourse". in this discourse, jean-jacques rousseau emphasizes that private property is the basis of all inequalities.

therefore, what enabled the old regime to maintain as long as it did was private property.

the answer is d. exposing corruption in the church