Which system is responsible for ""fight or flight"" response? sympathetic nervous system parasympathetic nervous system somatic nervous system central nervous system

sympathetic nervous system

Explanation:

The sympathetic nervous system is the part of the autonomic nervous system that is activated when the body is faced with acute stress or when the body perceives a threat. When the body perceives a threat or is faced with stress, the sympathetic nervous is called into action by initiating series of responses that are referred to as "fight or flight" responses. These responses involves physiological changes that are initiated to put the body in full alert to enable it deal with the stressor or threat as hormone such as norepinephrine is released into the blood stream.

"Fight or flight" responses include increased heart rate, increased perspiration, increased blood sugar level, increased blood pressure, dilation of pupil etc.

the answers are a and c

an individual’s sex (i.e., whether they are a male or female) is determined by the sex chromosomes. most people have two sex chromosomes, one that is inherited from their mother and one that is inherited from their father. typically, females have two x chromosomes (xx) and males have one x chromosome and one y chromosome (xy). conditions caused by changes (“mutations”) in genes located on the x chromosome are considered x-linked.

x-linked recessive inheritance

most x-linked conditions are recessive. this means that in a person with two x chromosomes (most females), both copies of a gene (i.e., one on each x chromosome) must have a change or mutation whereas in a person with one x chromosome (most males), only one copy of a gene must have a mutation. a female with a mutation in one copy of a gene on the x chromosome is said to be a “carrier” for an x-linked condition. a male with a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome is typically affected with the condition. because females have two copies of the x chromosome and males have only one x chromosome, x-linked recessive diseases are more common among males than females. however, x-linked recessive diseases can occur in both males and females.

for x-linked recessive disorders, an unaffected carrier mother who has a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome can transmit either the x chromosome with this mutation or a “normal” x chromosome to her children. if the father is unaffected, none of her daughters will be affected and all of her daughters will be unaffected—since they will inherit at least one normal x chromosome from their father. however, each daughter will have a 50% chance of being an unaffected carrier like her mother and a 50% chance of both x chromosomes being normal.