Controlled burning, or prescribed burns, can be used as a management tool for forests. Natural occurring fires as well as controlled burns clear out underbrush to help prevent Review the choices below. All BUT ONE describes an advantages of controlled burning in a forest.
A) Periodic forest fires help to recycle nutrients back into the soil.
B) Periodic forest fires help to clear away old brush to help prevent future megafires.
C) After a fire, second-growth forests can look very different from the forest that they replaced.
D) Some trees, like pine species and eucalyptus, are fire dependent and only seed after a fire event.

To answer this question, researchers studied populations of the dusky salamander (desmognathus ochrophaeus) living on different mountain ranges in the southern appalachian mountains. the researchers tested the reproductive isolation of pairs of salamander populations by leaving one male and one female together and later checking the females for the presence of sperm. four mating combinations were tested for each pair of populations (a and b)—two within the same population (female a with male a and female b with male b) and two between populations (female a with male b and female b with male a). the proportion of successful matings for each mating combination was measured. for example, when all the matings of a particular combination were successful, the researchers gave it a value of 1; when none of the matings were successful, they gave it a value of 0. then the researchers calculated an index of reproductive isolation that ranged from 0 (no isolation) to 2 (full isolation). the reproductive isolation value for two populations is the sum of the proportion of successful matings of each type within populations (aa + bb) minus the sum of the proportion of successful matings of each type between populations (ab + ba). the table provides data for the geographic distances and reproductive isolation values for 27 pairs of dusky salamander populations.