during primary succession lichen and mosses are the first species to arrive to the area, why are the lichen and mosses not needed in an area that is experiencing secondary succession?

Two true-breeding pea plants were crossed. one parent is round, terminal, violet, constricted, while the other expresses the respective contrasting phenotypes of wrinkled, axial, white, full. the four pairs of contrasting traits are controlled by four genes, each located on a separate chromosome. in the f1 only round, axial, violet, and full were expressed. in the f2, all possible combinations of these traits were expressed in ratios consistent with mendelian inheritance. (a) what conclusion about the inheritance of the traits can be drawn based on the f1 results? (b) in the f2 results, which phenotype appeared most frequently? what mathematical expression predicts the probability of occurrence of this phenotype? (c) which f2 phenotype is expected to occur least frequently? what mathematical expression predicts this probability? (d) in the f2 generation, how often is either of the p1 phenotypes likely to occur? express your answer as a fraction (example: 3/16).

Plz plz plz quick! 49 points for whoever which of the following statements about greenhouse effect is true? *life on earth is suffering because of greenhouse effect *the greenhouse effect is caused by human activity *all greenhouse gases are harmful *life on earth would not exist without the greenhouse effect

Two critical interventions to turn around the opioid crises are: