The energy needed to polymerize DNA is supplied by:

A. the hydrolysis of the phosphate bonds of ATP by an accessory protein that is part of the DNA polymerase holoenzyme
B. the hydrolysis of the phosphate bonds of ATP or GTP, depending on the form of DNA polymerase
C. the hydrolysis of the phosphate bonds of the deoxynucleoside triphosphates that are being added to the new DNA chain
D. the formation of the covalent bond between the phosphate of the nucleoside and the hydroxyl group
E. the hydrolysis of the RNA primers used in DNA replication

The correct option is A: "the hydrolysis of the phosphate bonds of ATP by an accessory protein that is part of the DNA polymerase holoenzyme"

Explanation:

The ATP is like an energy reserve that can be utilized by hydrolyzing the high energy bonds linking the phosphates to the rest of the molecule. The machinery required to make this possible is available with the DNA polymerase holoenzyme itself. The enzyme cannot synthesize new DNA, it 'reads' the DNA template of the parent strand to make the complementary strand, proofreading any errors that may occur during the process.

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