The Miller-Urey experiment showed:
a) life could be generated in their apparatus after one week.
b) the essential biological molecules associated with living organisms could be generated in an "abiotic" environment.
c) the essential biological molecules associated with life cannot be generated in an "abiotic" environment.
d) conditions in the "primitive Earth environment" could have generated complex molecules.

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i.e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).

Name the tissue types that form the wall of each organ in questions 7-10

The term autotroph refers to an organism that: a. uses co2 for its carbon source. b. must obtain organic compounds for its carbon needs. c. gets energy from sunlight. d. gets energy by oxidizing chemical compounds. e. does not need a carbon source