When there is an imbalance in a body system, and the body cannot maintain homeostasis, how might other systems respond?

The pharynx is the structure in the body that serves as a pathway of both air and food. how does the body make sure that food does not get into the lungs? the salivary glands secrete enzymes that pull food out of the air pathway. the small intestine pushes the air out of the digestive system. the pancreas breaks down food in the air pathway. the epiglottis closes the air pathway so that food will not enter it.

Which feature of a human community is similar to a niche in a biological community

This is a biological reaction due to a stimulus. i need this quickly !