Which two characteristics of living things do viruses exhibit? They have genetic material. They increase in size over time. They are made up of a single cell. They eliminate waste. They reproduce.

The correct two options includes:

- They have genetic material. And

- They reproduce

Explanation:

A virus is a type of microorganism that contains a single genetic material in its core which is surrounded by a protein coat.

One of the characteristics of living things is reproduction during which genetic materials are being transferred to offsprings.

A complete virus particle, known as a virion, consists of nucleic acid

(GENETIC MATERIAL) surrounded by a protective coat of protein called a capsid. They depend on a host to REPRODUCE. After gaining entrance into a host body cells through attachment, they use the machinery and metabolism of a host cell to produce multiple copies of themselves. The host cell is then forced to rapidly produce thousands of identical copies of the original virus.

an individual’s sex (i.e., whether they are a male or female) is determined by the sex chromosomes. most people have two sex chromosomes, one that is inherited from their mother and one that is inherited from their father. typically, females have two x chromosomes (xx) and males have one x chromosome and one y chromosome (xy). conditions caused by changes (“mutations”) in genes located on the x chromosome are considered x-linked.

x-linked recessive inheritance

most x-linked conditions are recessive. this means that in a person with two x chromosomes (most females), both copies of a gene (i.e., one on each x chromosome) must have a change or mutation whereas in a person with one x chromosome (most males), only one copy of a gene must have a mutation. a female with a mutation in one copy of a gene on the x chromosome is said to be a “carrier” for an x-linked condition. a male with a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome is typically affected with the condition. because females have two copies of the x chromosome and males have only one x chromosome, x-linked recessive diseases are more common among males than females. however, x-linked recessive diseases can occur in both males and females.

for x-linked recessive disorders, an unaffected carrier mother who has a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome can transmit either the x chromosome with this mutation or a “normal” x chromosome to her children. if the father is unaffected, none of her daughters will be affected and all of her daughters will be unaffected—since they will inherit at least one normal x chromosome from their father. however, each daughter will have a 50% chance of being an unaffected carrier like her mother and a 50% chance of both x chromosomes being normal.

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