Which of the following are functions of protein molecules in an animal?

1. Protein molecules help cells carry out many of their functions, and they are part of body structures such as hair and nails.

2. Protein molecules help cells carry out many of their functions, but they are not part of body structures such as hair and nails.

3. Protein molecules do not help cells carry out many of their functions, and they are not part of body structures such as hair and nails.

4. Protein molecules are part of body structures such as hair and nails, but they do not help cells carry out many of their functions.

1. Protein molecules help cells carry out many of their functions, and they are part of body structures such as hair and nails.

Explanation:

Proteins are one of the four major biomolecules in living systems. Proteins play a major role in the physiological, structural and metabolical processes in living organisms. They help cells carry out many functions when they acts as enzymes and hormones. Enzymes and hormones are proteinous chemical substances that catalyzes and speedens up physiological reactions respectively.

In addition, proteins are major structural components in animals. For example, keratin is a protein that makes up the hair and nails of animals. They provide structural support in parts of the body they are found.

mendel's first law states that during the formation of reproductive cells , pairs of hereditary factors for a specific trait separate so that offspring receive one factor from each parent.

explanation:

transcription is a process in which information is rewritten. it is something our cells must do, in a more specialized and narrowly defined way. in biology, transcription is the process of copying out the dna sequence of a gene in the similar alphabet of rna. it needs to happen in the nucleus because that's where the dna is. dna is always inside the nucleus unless the cell is dividing.

transcription is the first step in gene expression, which involves copying a gene's dna sequence to make an rna molecule. transcription is performed by rna polymerases. it has three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination. rna molecules must be processed after transcription in eukaryotes.

explanation:

long version:

the protein synthesis consists two processes which are, transcription and translation. transcription takes place in the nucleus. it uses dna as a template to make an rna molecule. rna then leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm, where translation occurs. transcription is the first part of the central dogma of molecular biology: dna → rna. it is the transfer of genetic instructions in dna to messenger rna (mrna). during transcription, a strand of mrna is made that is complementary to a strand of dna.  

these three stages are:

  initiation: in which   is the beginning of transcription.occuring when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

    elongation: in which is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

    termination: in which is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.