___ have two X chromosomes, while
have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome.

1. Females

2. Males

Explanation:

Females inherit one X chromosome from their mother, and one X chromosome from their father. Males inherit one X chromosome from their mother and one Y chromosome from their father.

Hope this helps =)

answer: - few nutrients

high pressure

low temperatures

explanation: 1. few nutrients:   open-ocean zone is located way far from the land, which is the main source of the essential nutrients.2. high pressure: pressure increases by 1 atmosphere for every 10 meters increase in depth.3. ample sunlight: a large fraction of the sunlight is reflected back to the atmosphere from the sea surface. 4. varying salinity: below the thermocline, the water is isolated from the atmosphere so the salinity remains stable over the year.5. low temperatures:   the temperature of open-ocean zone ranges from a low of -2°c to an average of 17°c

layer 3 is younger than layer 6.