A genetic study conducted over multiple generations found that the frequency of genotypes in the first generation were AA: 0.36, Aa: 0.48, and aa: 0.16. In the second generation, genotype frequencies shifted to AA: 0.16, Aa: 0.48, and aa: 0.36. According to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can assumea. Random mating has altered gene frequencies. b. Gene flow has possibly shifted the gene frequencies. c. Mating in this population must be nonrandom mating. d. Both b and c.

Option (c) is the correct answer to this question.

Explanation:

Nonrandom mating happens when the chance of matting two individuals in a given population isn't really the same across all potential human pairs. Outcompeting-Individuals are more likely than family members to match with distant relatives. This is somewhat less prevalent.

Organisms may tend to match with someone of the same genotype or of genetic background in non-random mating. Non-random marriage does not alter the dos fluctuations in the community by itself, though it may modify the fluctuations of the gene.

Other options are incorrect because they are not related to the given scenario.

a unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.

c. earths continental crust is thicker than its lithosphere.

because, the lithosphere is the outermost layer of the earth/ 100 km thick and is defined by its machanical properties.the lithosphere contains oceanic and continental crust that varies in age and thickness across locations and geologic time. the lithosphere is the coolest layer of the earth in terms of temperature. the term lithosphere should not be confused with the use of "geosphere" which is used to indicate all of earth systems, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere   and biosphere. the surface of the earth can be divided into the continental crust and the oceanic crust.   the continental crust is made mostly of granite while the oceanic crust is made of basalt. the average thickness of the continental crust is 25 miles and the average thickness of the oceanic crust is 5 miles.   three types of rock, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic, make up the surface of the earth. that's why 3 option is preferable.