How does natural selection lead to adaptations of populations?

Natural selection leads to extinction. Variation of the genome that do not have the information required to survive in an environment are eliminated due to natural selection. The surviving genomes already had the information required to survive or adapt to the environment.

Natural selection does not create information necessary for the adaptation of a population. The information must already exist for adaptation to occur. Natural selection will change the composition of a population by eliminating the poorly adapted.

Examples are the peppered moth of England. There were two varieties the Melanic or dark and the predominate white. When the industrial revolution and burning of coal changed the environment, the Melanic or dark variation was better adapted. The population changed to being predominately melanic. When the pollution caused by the Industrial revolution was brought under control the population reverted back to the predominately white variety. Natural selection only changed the population. Natural selection did not create the adaptation it already existed.

Explanation:

answer; polycythemia is the correct answer;

the answer is b.) hydrogen bonds between bases.