The digestive and excretory systems

THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM

The attachment shows the nephron which is the functional unit of the kidney.

It does the work of urine formation through 3 distinct processes.

-Ultra filtration( Small molecules are forced out of the selectively permeable membrane of the glomerulus into the Bowman's capsule under regulated pressure.these molecules are from the blood in the glomerulus brought in by the afferent arteriole.

- Selective reabsorption ( Useful molecule and iron such as glucose and sodium are reabsorbed back into the blood as the filtrate flows through the tubule(nephron)

-Tubular Secretion. ( Movement of molecules not filtered by the glomerulus during the initial stage of filtration back into the filtrate through the renal capillaries.

Stella's urine sample shows the presence of large protein (ULTRAFILTRATION)

John's blood test report indicates a high toxin level ( ULTRAFILTRATION AND TUBULAR SECRETION)

Miguel's blood test shows an increase in metabolic waste( ULTRAFILTRATION AND TUBULAR SECRETION)

Janice's urine report shows the presence of vital materials ( SELECTIVE REABSORPTION).

the answer to your question is:

c. complementary base-pairing