all the organisms and nonliving parts of the environment in an area

ecosystem

Explanation:

An ecosystem is a community of living organisms in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment, interacting as a system.

volcanoes (an event in the geosphere) release a large amount of particulate matter into the atmosphere. these particles serve as nuclei for the formation of water droplets (hydrosphere). rainfall (hydrosphere) often increases following an eruption, stimulating plant growth (biosphere).